Charles Theodor had held Jülich-Berg since 1777, but by 1792 the Rhineland was rapidly destabilizing — French Revolutionary armies crossed the Rhine that autumn, and the duchy's administrative machinery was collapsing under occupation and counter-occupation. These billon stüber were struck across a narrow three-year window precisely as French forces pressed through the region, making late-dated pieces from this series considerably harder to locate than the reference numbers suggest.
Charles Theodor had held Jülich-Berg since 1777, but by 1792 the Rhineland was rapidly destabilizing — French Revolutionary armies crossed the Rhine that autumn, and the duchy's administrative machinery was collapsing under occupation and counter-occupation. These billon stüber were struck across a narrow three-year window precisely as French forces pressed through the region, making late-dated pieces from this series considerably harder to locate than the reference numbers suggest.