2 Prutot - Herod Archelaus

Herod Archelaus ruled as ethnarch rather than king — a deliberate demotion imposed by Augustus, who refused him the royal title his father Herod the Great had held. He governed Judea, Samaria, and Idumea for a decade before his own subjects, Jews and Samaritans alike, sent a joint delegation to Rome to demand his removal. Augustus exiled him to Vienne in Gaul around 6 AD, at which point Judea passed directly to Roman prefectural administration — the governing structure that would still be in place during the prefecture of Pontius Pilate.