2 Pfennig - Frederick Ulrich Kipper

Frederick Ulrich's administration of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel coincided with the Kipper- und Wipperzeit, the catastrophic currency debasement crisis that swept the Holy Roman Empire between roughly 1619 and 1623. Mints across the German states — including Brunswick's — raced to produce debased small coinage, extracting profit by issuing coins with face values far exceeding their metal content. This piece is a product of that frenzy.

Welter 1343 places it firmly within Frederick Ulrich's copper issues of 1620, when copper substitution for silver in minor denominations was accelerating rapidly across Lower Saxony.