The "Sang Pyong Tong Bo" cash coinage of Joseon Korea was produced across dozens of government bureaus and military offices simultaneously, each authorized to strike coins independently to meet chronic copper shortages. The reverse mint marks — indicating both the issuing office and the furnace number — are the primary means of attribution, and KM#326 specifically identifies the Yong, Arrange office issue within that sprawling administrative system.
Two-mun denominations were introduced in 1742 under King Yeongjo as a larger fractional coin intended to ease small commerce, though their acceptance remained uneven in provincial markets.
The "Sang Pyong Tong Bo" cash coinage of Joseon Korea was produced across dozens of government bureaus and military offices simultaneously, each authorized to strike coins independently to meet chronic copper shortages. The reverse mint marks — indicating both the issuing office and the furnace number — are the primary means of attribution, and KM#326 specifically identifies the Yong, Arrange office issue within that sprawling administrative system.
Two-mun denominations were introduced in 1742 under King Yeongjo as a larger fractional coin intended to ease small commerce, though their acceptance remained uneven in provincial markets.