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2 Mun Hun

Issuer Kingdom of Joseon
Year 1742-1752
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Weight 6.72 g
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Reverse description Round cast bronze coin with a central square perforation surrounded by a raised square border. Two Chinese mint and issue-control characters are placed above and below the central hole: 訓 (Hun) at top, denoting the Hullyeondogam (Military Training Command), and 天 (Cheon) at bottom, indicating a series or batch designation. The field is plain with a broad flat rim, and the coin exhibits an even green and brown patina consistent with long burial.
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Mint Hullyeondogam (Military Training Command Mint), Seoul
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Additional information

The 2 Mun coinage of Joseon was produced by multiple government offices simultaneously, each authorized to strike coins to fund their own operations — a decentralized arrangement that generated the profusion of reverse mint marks distinguishing one variety from another. KM#83.3 corresponds to a specific issuing bureau within this system. The practice, formalized under King Yeongjo, was as much a fiscal mechanism as a monetary one, with offices effectively printing their own budgets in bronze.