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2 Macutas - Maria II Countermark CROWNED SHIELD over '1 Macuta, José'
| Issuer | Angola |
|---|---|
| Year | 1837 |
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| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
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| Obverse description | The obverse of the host coin displays the Portuguese royal arms — a crowned shield bearing the armillary sphere and the five quinas arranged in a cross — centrally positioned in the field, surmounted by a royal crown. A beaded inner border frames the central device, and a circular legend in Latin runs along the outer rim between the beaded border and the coin's edge. The legend reads JOSEPHUS.I.D.G REX.P.ET.D.GUINE, identifying King José I of Portugal by the Grace of God. Applied over the central design is the Maria II countermark: a small crowned Portuguese shield, punched in intaglio, used in 1837 to revalue and authenticate the host coin for continued circulation in Angola. |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
When Maria II assumed the Portuguese throne following the Liberal Wars, Angola's existing copper coinage — struck under her predecessor José — required official revalidation. Rather than recall and remelt the stock, Lisbon authorized a countermarking program in 1837: a crowned shield punched directly onto circulating 1 Macuta pieces to double their face value and signal the new reign's authority. The logistics of running such a program across colonial supply chains meant that application quality varied considerably, and Gomes catalogs at least four recognized punch varieties for this type alone.