2 Kreuzers - Charles Philip

Charles Philip had been locked in a bitter dispute with the Reformed Protestant population of Heidelberg for most of his reign — he seized the Heiliggeistkirche choir for Catholic worship within months of taking power in 1716, a provocation that reverberated through the Palatinate for decades. By 1737 he was in his eighties and ruling from Mannheim, having refused to set foot in Heidelberg after the city resisted his re-Catholicization campaign. He died the following year, ending the Simmern line of the Wittelsbach dynasty and triggering the War of the Austrian Succession in part through the succession crisis his death accelerated.