Charlotte succeeded to the Luxembourg throne in 1919 after her sister Marie-Adélaïde abdicated under pressure for perceived collaboration with the German occupation. The 1923 essai pieces were produced as trial strikings during the post-war monetary reorganization, when Luxembourg was transitioning from its wartime currency arrangements toward a formal monetary union with Belgium — finalized in 1921. Essais of this type were never released for circulation and exist in very small numbers.
The Wictor reference remains the authoritative catalog for Luxembourg essais, and E45 is among the scarcer listings within it.
Charlotte succeeded to the Luxembourg throne in 1919 after her sister Marie-Adélaïde abdicated under pressure for perceived collaboration with the German occupation. The 1923 essai pieces were produced as trial strikings during the post-war monetary reorganization, when Luxembourg was transitioning from its wartime currency arrangements toward a formal monetary union with Belgium — finalized in 1921. Essais of this type were never released for circulation and exist in very small numbers.
The Wictor reference remains the authoritative catalog for Luxembourg essais, and E45 is among the scarcer listings within it.