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2 Cents Foreign Exchange Certificate
| Issuer | Bank Polska Kasa Opieki S.A. (Bank Pekao S.A.) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1979 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Size | 114 x 59 mm |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Pink underprint with repeated dollar signs and denomination figures in watermark-style intaglio. A guilloche medallion at left bears the value 0,02 with a dollar sign below. Central text block in Polish states the non-redeemability conditions. A circular bank cashier stamp is visible at right. |
| Reverse lettering | 0,02$ BONY TOWAROWE BANKU POLSKA KASA OPIEKI S.A. NIE PODLEGAJĄ UMORZENIU I W ZAMIAN BONÓW UTRACONYCH NIE WYDAJE SIĘ DOKUMENTÓW ZASTĘPCZYCH |
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| Comments |
Pekao's foreign exchange certificates were a mechanism for extracting hard currency from Poles receiving remittances from abroad — dollars, marks, and other Western currencies that the state desperately needed but couldn't compel citizens to surrender outright. By funneling those remittances through Bank Pekao, the government converted them into certificates redeemable only at Pewex hard-currency shops, keeping the actual foreign reserves firmly in state hands while offering consumer goods as the incentive to cooperate.
The 2-cent denomination is the smallest in the 1979 series, issued partly to handle exact-change transactions within the Pewex retail system.