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2 Cash - Jiatai Tongbao, Chun, iron

Issuer Empire of China
Year 1201-1203
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Diameter 29 mm
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Obverse script Chinese (traditional, regular script)
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Reverse description Plain reverse field with a central square perforation enclosed by a raised square inner rim. Above the square hole, the mint indicator character 春 (Chun, for Qichun Mint) is cast in raised regular script, while below appears the numeral 三 (San, meaning 'three'), denoting the third year of the Jiatai reign era (1203). The surrounding field is largely plain, bounded by a raised outer rim, and the surface exhibits heavy iron corrosion consistent with the composition, displaying mottled ochre-brown and metallic grey patination.
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The Jiatai reign (1201–1204) fell during the Southern Song's prolonged standoff with the Jin dynasty, a period when copper shortages drove the court to authorize large-scale iron cash production. Iron coinage was always a second-best solution — prone to corrosion, rejected by merchants when alternatives existed, and chronically overproduced relative to actual demand. The "Chun" mint designation indicates production at Chun Prefecture in modern Hunan, one of several provincial facilities pressed into service to meet the wartime fiscal shortfall.

Survivors in collectible condition are genuinely scarce. Iron cash corroded in hoards far more aggressively than bronze, and much of what circulated was eventually melted or simply disintegrated in the ground.

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