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160 Réis - Maria I and Pedro III Low and High Crowns, Lisbon Mint

Issuer Casa da Moeda de Lisboa (Lisbon Mint)
Year 1778-1786
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Value 160 Réis
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Obverse lettering MARIA· I· ET· PETRUS· III· D· G· PORT· REGES· ET· BRAS· D· 17 81 ·160·
(Translation: Maria I and Pedro III, by the Grace of God, Regents of Portugal and Lords of Brazil.)
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Mintage 1778 - Bentes 267.01 (Low Crown) - 9,007
1779 - Bentes 267.02 (Low Crown) - 25,000
1780 - Bentes 267.03 (Low Crown) - 26,406
1781 - Bentes 267.04; 268.01-02 (See Comments). - 41,000
1783 - Bentes 267.05; 268.03 (See Comments). - 37,500
1784 - Bentes 267.06 (Low Crown) - 20,602
1785 - Bentes 267.07; 268.04 (See Comments). - 36,000
1786 - Bentes 267.08; 268.05 (See Comments). - 24,000
Additional information

Maria I and her husband Pedro III ruled jointly from 1777, though Pedro — her uncle as well as her consort — held no independent political authority and died in 1786, after which Maria continued as sole monarch. The two crown variants documented under Bentes 267 and 268 reflect a mid-series die modification at the Lisbon Mint, with the high crown punch replacing the low crown during the run, a change routine enough that neither variety commands a dramatic premium but significant enough that Bentes catalogued them separately.

Maria suffered a severe mental breakdown in 1792, likely porphyria or acute psychosis, rendering her effectively incapacitated for the final decades of her reign.

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