1/2 Prutah - Alexander Jannaeus

Historical Context: Alexander Jannaeus (Yehonatan), Hasmonean King and High Priest of Judea (104-76 BC), ruled during a period of territorial expansion and severe internal strife, including civil war. This 1/2 Prutah is a tangible artifact of his reign, minted amidst significant political and religious upheaval. It reflects his assertion of sovereignty and dual authority, despite frequent conflict with segments of his Jewish populace.

Artistry: The engraver of this 1/2 Prutah remains anonymous, typical for Hasmonean issues. The stylistic school is Judean, yet incorporates Hellenistic numismatic influences in its symbolism. The obverse features an anchor, a common Hellenistic motif possibly alluding to naval power or stability. The reverse displays an eight-rayed star, often interpreted as a celestial symbol or early Star of David, sometimes within a diadem signifying royal authority. Execution is often utilitarian, reflecting local minting practices.

Technical/Grading: This bronze 1/2 Prutah (1.22 grams, 12 millimeters) often exhibits technical strike qualities characteristic of Hasmonean issues. High-points for detail include the anchor's flukes and ring, and the star's central point and ray tips. Due to the small flan and production methods, examples are frequently off-center, with partial strikes, or on irregular planchets. Clarity of the primary symbols and any remnants of inscriptions are paramount for assessing strike quality and grade.