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12 Mariengroschen - John Frederick
| Issuer | Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg |
|---|---|
| Year | 1669-1679 |
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| Currency | Thaler |
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| Obverse description | Standing figure of a Wild Man (Wilder Mann), depicted nude and facing forward in the field, holding an uprooted fir tree erect in his right hand, the trunk extending to the ground at his feet. The numeral '12' appears to the lower right of the figure, indicating the denomination. A circular Latin legend surrounds the central device, reading the ruler's titles, with the inscription distributed around the entire periphery of the coin. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
John Frederick ruled Calenberg from 1665 until his death in 1679, a period during which he converted to Catholicism in 1651 — a striking anomaly in a predominantly Lutheran territory. His conversion created persistent friction with his subjects and the broader Lower Saxon Circle, yet his coinage continued largely uninterrupted, the 12 Mariengroschen being a workhorse denomination of the regional silver currency system tied to the Lüneburg Kreistalers of the period.
The Mariengroschen itself was a north German accounting unit with deep roots in the bishopric of Hildesheim, where the denomination originated in the late medieval period.