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12 Mariengroschen - George Louis
| Issuer | Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg-Hannover |
|---|---|
| Year | 1700-1711 |
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| Orientation | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
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| Obverse description | Within an inner circle, a three-line inscription displaying the denomination in Roman and Arabic numerals; the circular legend naming the issuing authority and the regnal title of George Louis, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg, runs around the periphery, with the date incorporated into the legend. The lettering is rendered in Latin capital characters throughout, with decorative stops separating the abbreviated titulature. |
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| Reverse description | A facing wildman (Wilder Mann), the traditional heraldic figure of the House of Brunswick, stands upright in the center of the field, depicted with a flowing beard and hirsute body, his left hand resting on a tall uprooted pine tree held vertically to his left, and his right hand placed on his hip. He stands atop a decorative cartouche or mound adorned with foliage. The numeral '12', denoting the denomination of 12 Mariengroschen, appears to the lower right of the figure. The motto IN RECTO DECUS ('Honor in Righteousness') is inscribed in the upper field, arcing around the figure. |
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| Additional information |
George Louis governed Calenberg-Hannover as Elector from 1698, but his attention was increasingly directed toward securing the British succession under the 1701 Act of Settlement — he would become George I of Great Britain in 1714. The 12 Mariengroschen was a workhorse denomination of the north German monetary system, its value pegged to the Mariengroschen reckoning that had persisted across Lower Saxony for generations despite repeated attempts at imperial standardization.
Welter 2172 distinguishes this type within a crowded field of similar issues from the Hanoverian mints at Clausthal and Zellerfeld, both active during this window.