12 Kreuzers - Mihály Apafi

Apafi's 12 kreuzer issues of the early 1670s were struck under genuinely constrained conditions — Transylvania was nominally autonomous but effectively an Ottoman client state, and military levies from the Porte repeatedly drained the treasury. The 1672 date falls squarely within the period of Transylvanian involvement in the Hungarian anti-Habsburg Kuruc movements, when Apafi was pressured by both Constantinople and the Hungarian nobility to fund campaigns he had little political will to pursue.

Silver fineness on these kreuzers is notoriously variable across the series, a known issue with Apafi-era coinage rather than individual wear.