目录
| 正面描述 | Laureate male head in right profile, rendered in low relief within a plain inner circle, set against a broad flat field. The effigy displays archaic Etruscan artistic conventions with simplified facial features. The denomination mark appears in the field behind and below the head, denoting the value of 12½ centesimae. The overall design is characteristic of the late Populonian aes grave incuse series. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | Plain |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Populonia, the only Etruscan city known to have struck its own coinage directly from locally smelted iron-ore slag, produced this bronze issue during a period of acute military pressure — the Second Punic War was grinding through central Italy, and Hannibal's campaigns had severely disrupted the economic networks of the peninsula. The fish type bronzes are among the later products of the Populonian mint, which had been striking since roughly the fourth century and was winding down by the close of this period.
The incuse technique — design sunk into the flan rather than raised — is an archaism unusual for this date and may reflect deliberate conservatism in a mint already operating at the margins of the Etruscan world.