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11/2 Pence - Elizabeth I 3rd and 4th issue, small flan
| Issuer | Royal Mint (England) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1561-1578 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Pound sterling (1158-1970) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | [mm] CIVI TAS LON DON 15 61 (Translation: City of London) |
| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Elizabeth I's halfpenny occupied an awkward monetary position — too small in value to be struck with much care, yet essential for small retail transactions at a time when token coinage had not yet filled that gap. The small flan designation distinguishes this issue from the slightly larger earlier halfpennies, a reduction that reflected both the practical difficulty of producing legible coins at minimal silver weight and persistent pressure on the mint to economize.
At 0.64 grams, centering was a chronic problem. Off-center strikes are the rule rather than the exception.