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1000 Reales de Vellón Banco de Cádiz
| Issuer | Banco de Cádiz |
|---|---|
| Year | 1863 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | The upper centre of the note bears a vignette of Hercules standing between two columns, flanked on either side by oval guilloche cartouches bearing the denomination '1000 Rs. Vn.' in letterpress. A large ornate red guilloche underprint with the denomination 'MIL REALES VELLON' in bold script dominates the centre of the note, over which the text of the bearer obligation is printed. The note carries four manuscript signature lines for the Comisario Regio, Director, Interventor, and Cajero at the lower portion. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is largely plain paper with show-through of the obverse guilloche underprint visible from the face. Two oval rubber cancellation stamps reading 'BANCO DE CADIZ EN LIQUIDACION' are applied in green ink, one at the upper left and one at the lower right, indicating the note was processed during the bank's liquidation. |
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| Comments |
The Banco de Cádiz was one of Spain's provincial emission banks authorized under the 1856 banking law, which briefly allowed regional institutions to issue their own notes before the Banco de España absorbed most of that privilege in 1874. By 1863, Cádiz remained a significant commercial port, and the bank's higher denominations like this one would have circulated primarily among merchants and trading houses rather than in everyday retail exchange.
The bank itself failed in 1875, and unredeemed notes were rendered worthless. Survivors are scarce precisely because the collapse gave holders little incentive — or opportunity — to return them for redemption.