1000 Pesos

El Banco Español de la Habana was the dominant commercial bank in colonial Cuba, operating under Spanish imperial charter at a time when the island's sugar economy was generating enormous wealth — and enormous credit demands. The 1000 Pesos denomination was the largest in this series, intended for wholesale mercantile transactions rather than everyday commerce.

American Bank Note Company printed the series in New York, a common arrangement for Latin American and Caribbean issuers who lacked local security printing facilities. The timing matters: Cuba's Ten Years' War broke out in October 1868, and notes issued just before or during that initial period would have circulated through one of the most economically disruptive conflicts in the island's colonial history.