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1000 Pesetas
| Issuer | Banco de España |
|---|---|
| Year | 1878 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1000 Pesetas (1000 ESP) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central vignette of Miguel de Cervantes in portrait, flanked by a scene of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza on horseback rendered in fine intaglio engraving. Denomination numeral and issuing bank title appear within an ornate guilloche framework, with hand-written or printed signatures of the Governor, Auditor, and Cashier positioned in the lower portion of the note. The overall design reflects the classical engraving style typical of late 19th-century Spanish banknote production. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Two symmetrically placed intaglio-engraved male bust portraits in oval frames, positioned to the left and right of centre, separated by a central guilloche rosette bearing the numeral '1000'. Ribbon scrolls inscribed 'PESETAS' appear above and below each portrait, and elaborate ornamental corner devices with monogram medallions fill the four corners within a finely executed border. The denomination 'MIL' in large gothic lettering appears at the top centre, with 'BANCO DE ESPAÑA' in a cartouche along the bottom margin. |
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| Comments |
The Banco de España's 1878 series was issued under the Restoration monarchy, just years after the First Spanish Republic had collapsed and the Bourbon line was reinstated under Alfonso XII. This note, bearing the signature of José Elduayen — politician, civil engineer, and briefly Foreign Minister — reflects how closely the bank's governance was bound to the political class of the Restoration period.
Printed entirely in-house at Madrid rather than contracted to a foreign security printer, which was then the common practice for prestige denominations among smaller European central banks. The 1878 series is among the earliest produced under full Workshop control, before the bank later turned to external suppliers for more technically demanding work.