1000 Francs - type 1814 provisional

The Type 1814 provisional 1000 Francs was issued in the chaotic interregnum following Napoleon's first abdication, when the Banque de France needed to rapidly expand its note supply to meet both Allied occupation costs and domestic liquidity demands simultaneously. The word "provisional" in the series name reflects not an experimental status but a deliberate administrative hedge — the bank's leadership was uncertain how currency authority would be reorganized under the incoming Bourbon restoration and hedged its commitments accordingly.

At over twelve million notes printed, the run was substantial for the period. Watermark verification was the primary — effectively the only — security measure, which made high-denomination forgery an ongoing and largely undeterred problem throughout the issue's active life.