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10 Yuan / Dollars

Issuer Central Bank of China
Year 1949
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Reference(s) P#445
Obverse description Portrait of Sun Yat-sen within an oval frame at right, set against an intricate guilloche underprint in red. The large Chinese characters for 'Ten Yuan' appear centrally, flanked by decorative rosette vignettes. Serial numbers appear in red at upper left and upper right, with the denomination repeated in Chinese characters at the four corners.
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Reverse description Central vignette of a Chinese junk under sail within a circular medallion, flanked by guilloche panels bearing the denomination '10 SILVER DOLLARS' in English at left and right. The overall printing is in red on light paper, with ornate scrollwork borders framing the entire design.
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Comments

By 1949, the Central Bank of China was printing currency in a collapsing economy — the Gold Yuan reform of 1948 had already failed catastrophically, wiping out savings across the country and destroying public confidence in government paper. This note belongs to the chaotic final phase of Nationalist monetary administration, issued as the People's Liberation Army advanced on major cities. Chung Hwa Book Co. was a Shanghai commercial printer pressed into currency production as the government's own facilities became overwhelmed or fell behind enemy lines.

Shanghai itself fell to Communist forces in May 1949. Notes printed there in the final months exist in large numbers — never meaningfully circulated, simply overtaken by events.

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