10 Yuan Bank of Communications

The Bank of Communications was nominally headquartered in Shanghai, but by 1941 the Nationalist government had retreated to Chongqing and much of the coastal banking infrastructure had either fallen under Japanese occupation or been evacuated inland. Ordering plates from the American Bank Note Company in New York was a deliberate workaround — the Nationalists maintained a production pipeline through the United States throughout the war years, keeping note printing beyond Japanese reach.

The Ottawa designation in ABNCo's records refers to their Ottawa, New York facility, not Canada — a confusion that surfaces repeatedly in dealer listings.