10 Tumân - Moẓaffar od-Dīn Qājār

Moẓaffar od-Dīn inherited the Qajar throne in 1896 following the assassination of his father Nāṣer od-Dīn Shāh, who had reigned for nearly half a century. The new shah's chronic ill health and taste for European travel drained the treasury almost immediately — his first two foreign tours alone required loans from Russia, signed away against Iranian customs revenues. High-denomination gold coinage of this first regnal year circulated within a court economy already trending toward insolvency.

The 1906 Constitutional Revolution, which forced Moẓaffar od-Dīn to sign the founding charter weeks before his death, makes early issues from his reign read differently in retrospect.