10 Speciedaler

Norges Bank established its own printing works in 1816 — one of the earliest central banks in Europe to do so — which gave it unusual control over production but also meant output quality was tied entirely to domestic capability. By 1868 the speciedaler was already a currency in decline; Norway would abandon it in favour of the krone in 1875 as part of the Scandinavian Monetary Union.

The Saunders watermarked paper is the more specific detail worth noting. William Saunders & Sons of London supplied security paper to multiple European issuers during this period, and their stock was considered among the more reliable barriers against contemporary counterfeiting techniques.