10 Soles

Banco del Perú was one of several private commercial banks chartered in Lima during the early 1870s credit boom, a period of guano-revenue optimism that ended badly. By 1877 the bank was in serious difficulty, and the broader collapse of Peru's private banking sector — accelerated by the War of the Pacific beginning in 1879 — rendered most of these notes worthless within a decade of issue.

César Canevaro came from one of the most prominent Italian-Peruvian merchant families in Lima, deeply involved in both finance and guano trading. His signature here is not ceremonial.