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The obverse carries the issuing bank's name, BANCO DE LONDRES MEXICO Y SUD AMERICA, in a bold letterpress legend across the upper field, flanked by serial number panels reading A 25306 at left and right. A central guilloche underprint in pale orange-red bears the denomination DIEZ SOLES in large letterpress text, overlaid by a manuscript handwritten signature and date notation. The overall layout is typical of 19th-century South American private bank issues, with decorative border elements framing the note. |
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The reverse presents an elaborate intaglio-style engraved design composed of dense foliate scrollwork and interlocking arabesque vignettes filling the entire field, framed by a continuous geometric border of repeating diamond and arrow motifs along all four edges. The intricate lathe-work pattern, rendered in pale tones on the aged cotton paper, is characteristic of 19th-century security printing intended to deter counterfeiting. No denomination or textual legend appears on this side. |
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The Banco de Londres México y Sud América — the London Bank of Mexico and South America — was the first chartered bank to operate in Mexico, receiving its concession in 1864 under Maximilian's imperial government. Its Peruvian branch issued this note during the brief window in which private foreign banks held issuing privileges in Lima, before the Banco del Perú and later the Banco de la Providencia crowded the market.
The Sol had only been adopted as Peru's monetary unit in 1863, replacing the old peso system. Notes from this bank's Peruvian operations are scarce — the branch's activities were limited and its note circulation modest relative to domestic competitors.