10 Pesos El Banco de Sonora

El Banco de Sonora was chartered in 1897 as part of the Díaz administration's deliberate consolidation of regional banking under a small number of privileged concessions — by 1910 only around thirty banks held note-issuing rights across all of Mexico. The bank operated from Hermosillo and served a state economy driven heavily by mining and cross-border trade with Arizona, which gave its notes real practical circulation rather than the largely nominal function seen in some provincial issues.

The ABNC plates for this series were used across a long issuing window, and date ranges this wide often mean multiple signature combinations exist — worth examining closely before cataloging as a single type.