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10 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1944 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Printed in brown and red on plain paper, the obverse is typeset in a straightforward wartime emergency style, with the denomination TEN PESOS repeated across the top, bottom, and four corner numerals 10 within a simple decorative border. A circular red seal of the Commonwealth of the Philippines is positioned at the left of centre, flanking the central text block which identifies this as a Treasury Emergency Currency Certificate issued by authority of the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, Series 1944, together with a redemption clause. Below, the issuing authority MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD is inscribed, accompanied by three manuscript signatures with printed names identifying the chairman and two board members. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | TEN PESOS Treasury Emergency Currency Certificate BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES Series 1944 This certifies that the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines will redeem this Certificate at face value upon termination of Emergency TEN PESOS MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD F D PACANA Member FLORENTINO SAGUIN Chairman I BARBASA Member |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial and municipal emergency currency authorities that sprang up across the Philippine islands after the Japanese occupation cut off normal banking channels. These notes were produced under guerrilla administration conditions — scarce materials, improvised presses, and real urgency — as a means of sustaining local commerce and, critically, paying guerrilla forces loyal to the Commonwealth government-in-exile.
Pacana, Saguin, and Barbasa signing together places this firmly within a specific administrative chain operating in Mindanao, where Filipino resistance remained organized enough to maintain rudimentary fiscal infrastructure through 1944. Liberation came to the island late — full American control wasn't secured until mid-1945 — so these notes were in active use longer than many comparable guerrilla issues elsewhere in the archipelago.