Catalog
10 Pesos
| Issuer | Philippine National Bank, Iloilo City |
|---|---|
| Year | 1941 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Reverse description | Dark red on a dense guilloche-patterned background, the reverse carries the denomination in large bold numerals '10' at lower left and right, flanked by the cursive legend 'Ten Pesos' on each side. The central text block reads 'TEN PESOS / PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK / Iloilo City, Philippines, Dec. 30, 1941', with a stylised cursive 'TEN PESOS' overprint and the inscription 'EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE' below. Large Roman numeral 'X' vignettes appear in the upper corners, and the entire note is enclosed within a fine guilloche border. |
| Reverse lettering | TEN PESOS PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK Iloilo City, Philippines, Dec. 30, 1941 TEN PESOS 1941 EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE Ten Pesos Ten Pesos 10 10 |
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| Comments |
The Philippine National Bank's regional emergency issues of 1941 are among the most historically compressed objects in Philippine numismatics. When Japanese forces advanced following the Pearl Harbor attacks in December 1941, provincial branches were authorized to produce emergency currency to keep commerce functioning as Manila's financial infrastructure collapsed. The Iloilo branch was among those that acted.
Printed locally under wartime pressure, these notes were produced without the security printing infrastructure of a national facility. Paper quality and printing consistency vary considerably across surviving examples — not a grading observation but a production fact.
Iloilo City fell to Japanese forces on 16 April 1942, ending circulation of this series.