10 Pesos

Banco del Perú was one of several private commercial banks chartered in Lima during the early 1860s under Peru's liberal banking legislation, which deliberately avoided establishing a state-controlled central bank. The American Bank Note Company — operating here under its short-lived "Compañía Nacional de Billetes de Banco" trade name, adopted briefly for Latin American contracts — printed the series in New York, a common arrangement for Andean issuers who lacked domestic intaglio capacity and distrusted local security printing.

The bank itself did not survive the financial turbulence of the 1870s. Peru's fiscal collapse following the War of the Pacific rendered most private bank emissions worthless, and Banco del Perú's notes were effectively demonetized before any formal redemption scheme could be organized.