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10 Pesetas

Issuer Banco de España
Year 1936
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Size 110 × 60 mm
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Reverse description Blue intaglio print over an orange-ocher underprint, with no central pictorial vignette; the composition relies entirely on dense, interlocking floral guilloche patterns that fill the foreground and background within a decorative border consistent with the obverse layout. The denomination numeral '10' is repeated at the lateral margins, and an anti-counterfeiting warning inscription runs across the central field alongside the bank name and denomination in words.
Reverse lettering 10 BANCO DE ESPAÑA DIEZ PESETAS LA FALSIFICACIÓN DE ESTE BILLETE SERÁ SANCIONADA CON EL MÁXIMO RIGOR
(Translation: Bank of Spain Ten Pesetas The falsification of this banknote will be sanctioned with the utmost severity)
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Comments

Issued in Zaragoza in September 1936, this note is a product of the Nationalist-controlled zone in the opening weeks of the Civil War. Portabella was a local commercial lithographer pressed into emergency currency production — not a specialist banknote printer — which accounts for the relatively crude execution compared to pre-war Banco de España issues.

The Republican government in Madrid considered these notes illegitimate, and they were demonetized following Franco's victory. Surviving examples are plentiful because much of this emission was never actually spent.

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