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10 Lire

Emittente Consorzio Obbligatorio (Consortium of Italian Banks)
Anno 1876-1881
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Forma Rectangular
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Descrizione del dritto At left, a large numeral '10' enclosed within a decorative guilloche circle in light blue-violet; a corresponding legal text panel in a matching guilloche circle occupies the right. The central field carries the denomination text 'DIECI LIRE' in both numeral and word form as a repeated underprint in light brownish-red, set behind the principal black letterpress inscriptions bearing the note's legal and issuing authority legends. Series numbers appear at upper left and lower right, with serial numbers at upper right and lower left.
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Descrizione del rovescio Two circular vignettes, each enclosing a portrait of Italia Turrita — the allegorical personification of Italy wearing a mural crown — face each other from the left and right of the field, the left portrait facing right and the right portrait facing left. The intervening space is filled with a continuous ornamental band in light blue containing the repeated inscription 'DIECI LIRE' and the numeral '10', linking the two vignettes across the centre.
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Commenti

The Consorzio Obbligatorio was formed under the 1874 banking law that attempted to rationalize Italy's chaotic post-unification note-issuing system, in which six separate banks of issue operated in parallel. Rather than creating a central bank outright — politically impossible at the time — the government compelled these institutions into a consortium obligated to issue small-denomination notes collectively, covering the gap left by the withdrawal of subsidiary silver coinage from circulation.

The San Teodoro workshop in Rome was the state's own production facility, giving the government direct control over this issue rather than routing it through commercial printers. The consortium arrangement dissolved once the Banca d'Italia was established in 1893.