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10 Karbowanez
| Issuer | Zentralnotenbank Ukraine |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 10 Karbovantsiv (10 карбованців) |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Printed entirely in dark brown on a pale ground, the reverse displays a dense guilloche border enclosing the central design. At the top, the bank name "ZENTRALNOTENBANK UKRAINE" flanked by the numeral "10" is followed by the German denomination "ZEHN KARBOWANEZ". A large ornate numeral "10" occupies the centre, with anti-counterfeiting warnings in German ("GELDFÄLSCHUNG WIRD MIT ZUCHTHAUS BESTRAFT") to the left and in Ukrainian ("ФАЛЬШУВАННЯ ГРОШЕВИХ ЗНАКІВ КАРАЄТЬСЯ ТЯЖКОЮ ТЮРМОЮ") to the right. The denomination in Ukrainian "ДЕСЯТЬ КАРБОВАНЦІВ" and the bank name in Ukrainian "ЦЕНТРАЛЬНИЙ ЕМІСІЙНИЙ БАНК УКРАЇНА" appear in the lower register, with the numeral "10" repeated at each corner. |
| Reverse lettering | 10 ZENTRALNOTENBANK UKRAINE 10 ZEHN KARBOWANEZ GELDFÄLSCHUNG WIRD MIT ZUCHTHAUS BESTRAFT ФАЛЬШУВАННЯ ГРОШЕВИХ ЗНАКІВ КАРАЄТЬСЯ ТЯЖКОЮ ТЮРМОЮ ДЕСЯТЬ КАРБОВАНЦІВ 10 ЦЕНТРАЛЬНИЙ ЕМІСІЙНИЙ БАНК УКРАЇНА 10 |
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| Comments |
The Zentralnotenbank Ukraine was not a Ukrainian institution in any meaningful sense — it was a German administrative creation, established in 1942 under the Reichskommissariat Ukraine to manage currency in the occupied eastern territories. This 10 Karbowanez note was part of the occupation currency imposed on a region already devastated by years of Soviet collectivization and then immediate wartime destruction. The Karbowanez series replaced Soviet rubles at par, which itself was a deliberate economic maneuver to absorb existing purchasing power.
Bundesdruckerei printed the series in Berlin, and the notes circulated under conditions of extreme scarcity and forced requisitioning. Inflation eroded their value rapidly as the occupation wore on.