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10 Gani - Muhammad bin Tughluq

Issuer Delhi Sultanate
Year 1325-1352
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Shape Round (irregular)
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Obverse lettering لا اله الا الله
Reverse description Reverse field occupied by a multi-line Arabic inscription in several registers, recording the ruler's name and titles in the standard epigraphic style of Muhammad bin Tughluq's coinage. The lettering is somewhat irregular and weakly struck in places, as is characteristic of these small hammered billon issues. The legend fills the entire flan with no decorative border discernible.
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Muhammad bin Tughluq's monetary experiments are among the most documented fiscal disasters in medieval Indian history. Around 1329, he introduced a token currency in copper and brass intended to circulate at the value of silver — a policy that collapsed within years as counterfeiters flooded the market and the sultan was eventually forced to redeem the tokens at face value from the treasury, reportedly ruining the royal finances in the process. The billon issues occupy a separate phase of his coinage, but exist against that same background of chronic monetary instability.

At 7 mm, this is an exceptionally small flan for a multi-gani denomination.

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