10 Euros - Juan Carlos I Submarine Isaac Peral

Isaac Peral launched his electric submarine in Cádiz harbor in 1888, beating most European naval programs by years. The Spanish Navy's response was to shelve the project entirely — bureaucratic obstruction and professional jealousy from senior officers effectively ended both the vessel's operational future and Peral's military career. The submarine itself survives; it sat outside the naval arsenal in Cartagena for over a century before being moved indoors for preservation.

This coin was issued as part of Spain's ongoing commemorative program marking national scientific and engineering achievements. The Peral submarine remains one of the more historically loaded subjects in that series.