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10 Dollars

发行方	Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
年份	1878
类型	Standard circulation banknote
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正面描述	Red letterpress print on plain paper. The royal coat of arms appears as a central vignette at upper centre, flanked by the denomination numeral '10' at both corners. Multilingual marginal text in Tamil, Jawi, and Chinese characters borders the note on all sides, with the full bank title and promise-to-pay text in English printed in script below.
正面铭文	10 INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER Penang 1st Jan. 1878 THE CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA & CHINA Promises to pay the Bearer on Demand at its OFFICE here TEN DOLLARS in local currency for Value received. BY ORDER OF THE COURT OF DIRECTORS Entd. Acct. MANAGER
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备注	The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China held a royal charter originally granted in 1853, and its Hong Kong branch was among the earliest foreign banks operating under formal British banking law in the colony. By 1878, the bank was deeply embedded in the financing of opium, silk, and tea trades moving through treaty ports — these $10 notes would have passed through comprador offices and merchant houses rather than retail commerce. Surviving 1878-dated examples from this series are genuinely rare. The bank's Hong Kong notes from this period suffered heavy losses in both the 1878 and 1883 financial crises that hit the colony's banking sector, and branch records suggest large quantities of partially-issued stock were destroyed rather than redeemed.