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The obverse is framed by a dense guilloche border with corner medallions displaying the denomination '10'. The central text reads 'Philippine National Bank' in gothic script beneath 'EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE OF 1941', with the promise text 'The Philippine National Bank will pay the bearer' above the large denomination vignette 'Ten Centavos'. Three manuscript signatures appear at the bottom, assigned respectively to the Provincial Fiscal Member, the Acting Manager of the P.N.B. Bacolod Branch as Chairman, and the Acting Provincial Auditor Member of the Negros Occidental Currency Committee, with the serial number '19478' printed vertically on both side margins. |
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The reverse carries a guilloche border matching the obverse, with corner numerals '10¢'. The 'Philippine National Bank' gothic script heading is centred at the top, below which appear the place and date 'Bacolod City, Dec. 30, 1941'. A central shield vignette bearing the arms of the Commonwealth of the Philippines is flanked by the split denomination inscription 'T E N C E N T A V O S'. Below the arms, the text 'SECOND ISSUE' is printed, followed by 'EMERGENCY CIRCULATING NOTE OF 1941'. The serial number '19478' appears vertically in both side margins as on the obverse. |
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This note belongs to the emergency guerrilla and provincial currency series produced by Philippine local authorities in the weeks following the Japanese invasion of December 1941. The Negros Occidental provincial government and the Philippine National Bank's Bacolod branch moved quickly to issue small-denomination notes as silver coinage vanished from circulation almost immediately — hoarded by civilians who correctly anticipated what was coming.
Locally printed under genuinely difficult conditions, the notes were never intended as permanent instruments. Production quality varies considerably within the series, and signatures sometimes differ between otherwise identical specimens.