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10 Cash - Tianqi Tongbao, with Shi Yi Liang

Issuer Empire of China
Year 1621-1627
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Weight 28.97 g
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Obverse script Chinese (traditional, regular script)
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Mint Jiangning (Nanjing) Mint, modern-day Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (circa 1361-1670)
Ministry of Public Works Mint, New Branch (工部局), Nanjing, China (1599-1644)
Ministry of Public Works Mint (工部局), Beijing, China (1361-1726)
Ministry of Public Works Mint (工部局), Nanjing, China (1361-1726)
Ministry of Revenue Mint, New Branch (戶部局), Nanjing, China (circa 1623)
Ministry of Revenue Mint (戶部局), Beijing, China (1622-1727)
Ministry of Revenue Mint (戶部局), Nanjing, China (1599-1644)
Miyun Garrison Mint, modern-day Miyun District, Beijing, China (1625-1648)
Xuanfu Garrison Mint, modern-day Xuanhua District, Hebei, China (circa 1625-1644)
Yunnan Provincial Mint, China
Zhejiang Provincial Mint, China
Zhili Garrison Mints, modern-day Hebei-Beijing-Tianjin, China
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Additional information

The Tianqi emperor's reign was brief and administratively chaotic — he was famously illiterate and ceded most effective governance to the eunuch Wei Zhongxian, whose faction controlled court appointments, tax collection, and increasingly the imperial mints. Large-denomination cash of this period reflect the fiscal pressure of simultaneous campaigns against the Jurchen-led Later Jin on the northern frontier, where conventional revenue streams were badly strained. The "Shi Yi Liang" inscription denoting an eleven-liang weight standard is a supervisory notation tied to mint accountability practices of the late Ming, not a denomination marker.

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