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10 Cash - Guangxu Tongbao; Boo-sin; Urumchi

Issuer Urumchi Mint (Qing Dynasty)
Year 1886-1906
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Value 10 Cash
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Obverse description Cast copper cash coin with a central square hole surrounded by a raised square border. Four Chinese characters in regular script (kaishu) are arranged in the traditional reading order: top to bottom and right to left, reading 光緒通寶 (Guangxu Tongbao, meaning 'Guangxu currency'). The characters are rendered in bold relief against a flat, unadorned field, with 光 (Guang) at top, 緒 (xu) at bottom, 通 (Tong) to the right, and 寶 (Bao) to the left. The coin is bounded by a plain raised rim.
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Reverse description Cast reverse featuring four inscriptions arranged around the central square hole. A single Chinese character 新 (Xin, meaning 'Xinjiang' or 'new') appears above the hole, and the numeral 十 (shi, meaning 'ten') appears below, indicating the denomination of 10 cash. To the left and right of the hole are the two syllables of the Manchu mint name 'Boo-si' (ᠪᠣᠣ ᠰᡳᡝ), identifying the Urumchi Mint. The characters and Manchu script are cast in bold relief against a plain field, enclosed within a raised outer rim.
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Additional information

Urumchi's mint operated at the edge of viable Qing administration — Xinjiang had only been formally incorporated as a province in 1884, two years before this type began production, following the costly reconquest campaign led by Zuo Zongtang against Yaqub Beg's breakaway Kashgaria state. The provincial infrastructure was embryonic, and the mint's output reflects it: Hartill notes significant variation in fabric and strike quality across the type's twenty-year run, a consequence of inconsistent copper supply along overland routes from the interior.

The Boo-sin mint mark is the Manchu rendering of Xinjiang's administrative capital.

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