10 Cash 9th issue

The Republic of China's copper cash issues of the early 1920s were produced against a backdrop of near-total monetary fragmentation, with dozens of provincial mints striking their own coinage under warlord-aligned authorities paying little more than lip service to the central government in Beijing. The 9th issue designation reflects an attempt at sequential cataloging that masks an often chaotic production reality — attribution between mints for this specific type remains contested among specialists.

Y#311 is frequently found with uneven planchet preparation characteristic of provincial striking facilities working with inconsistent copper stock during this period.