10 Cash 4th issue, Founding of the Republic, brass

Issued to mark the ninth anniversary of the Republic's founding in 1911, this 4th-issue brass striking replaced earlier copper versions as raw material costs and wartime disruptions made copper procurement increasingly difficult for provincial mints operating under fragmented warlord-era authority. By 1920, the Republic's central government had lost effective control over most of China's minting infrastructure, meaning coins bearing nationalist commemorative intent were often produced by regional facilities with little coordination on alloy standards — accounting for the composition variance documented across this type.