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10 000 Roubles Transcaucasian S.S.R. Railroad

Issuer Upravleniye Zheleznykh Dorog (Railroad Administration of the Transcaucasian S.S.R.)
Year 1920
Type Local banknote
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Obverse description Black letterpress on blue guilloche underprint. The central vignette carries the large numeral '10000' flanked on both sides by the denomination in Cyrillic text 'ДЕСЯТЬ ТЫСЯЧ РУБЛЕЙ'. The heading 'УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЖЕЛЕЗНЫХ ДОРОГ' appears across the upper portion, with additional Cyrillic legends identifying the issuer as the collective supply administration of the Transcaucasian Soviet Socialist Republics; series and number designations are printed at left and lower right, accompanied by two manuscript signatures.
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Reverse lettering Настоящий расчетный знак выпускается Упр. жел. дор. Сов. Соц. Респ. Закавказья и счет содержания, для расходов на предметы коллективного снабжения и обязательны к приему в местах распределения и отпуска коллективного снабжения Зак. жел. дор.
За Нач. дорог
Комиссар дорог
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Comments

The Transcaucasian railroad network became a de facto monetary authority in the early 1920s because conventional banking infrastructure had effectively collapsed across the region. The Railroad Administration issued its own scrip as a practical measure to pay workers and facilitate transactions along the lines — not as any formal monetary policy decision, but out of sheer operational necessity.

The S.S.R. designation places this note in a transitional moment: Soviet power had been established in Azerbaijan in April 1920 and in Armenia and Georgia shortly after, but unified Transcaucasian administrative structures were still being improvised. Railroad scrip from this period circulated alongside a chaotic mixture of Georgian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, and early Soviet issues.

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