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10 000 Roubles Don Cossack Military Government

Issuer Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye (Don Cossack Military Government)
Year 1919
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Shape Rectangular
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Obverse description Arms of the Don Cossack Host (double-headed eagle) at left within an ornate frame, with vertical series designation along the left margin. The face value '10000' appears in large numerals at lower left. Central text in Cyrillic reads '5% краткосрочное обязательство Всевеликого Войска Донского' (5% short-term obligation of the Don Cossack Host), with the maturity date of 11 July 1919 and the serial number at lower centre, issued at Novocherkassk, 1 October 1918.
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Reverse description Plain paper reverse with a central block of Cyrillic text stating the obligation's legal tender status across all government and private institutions within the Don Cossack territory. A circular handstamp with the double-headed eagle of the Don Cossack Host is applied at lower left, serving as the place-of-acceptance validation. A manuscript signature of the Cashier appears at lower right.
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The Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye — the Great Don Host — issued this note during one of the more precarious stretches of the Russian Civil War, when the Don Cossack state under Ataman Krasnov and later Bogaevsky was simultaneously fighting the Red Army and navigating an uneasy relationship with the White Army command under Denikin. The Don government maintained its own treasury and printing operation partly as an assertion of autonomy from the Volunteer Army, not merely out of logistical necessity.

At 10,000 roubles, this is among the highest denominations in the Don series — a direct consequence of the inflation that had already gutted purchasing power across the former empire by 1919. The handstamp security feature is characteristic of the Don issues, applied to authenticate notes against the flood of forgeries circulating in the region.

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