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Printed on green paper, the obverse is organized vertically and framed by a dense engine-turned border with rosette corner ornaments bearing the date split as '18' and '31' at the lower corners. At the top centre, the crowned arms of the Kingdom of Poland — an eagle displayed within an ornate cartouche — serve as the principal vignette, flanked by manuscript serial number and series designations. Below, the large bold denomination 'Zł 1' in decorative shadowed letterpress is set against scrollwork, with a central guilloche medallion enclosing the numeral '1' and flanked by foliate sprays. The lower portion carries the text 'ZŁOTY JEDEN' in a ribbon panel, followed by the bearer clause and a manuscript signature, with the engraver's credit 'Minheymer sc.' visible at lower right. |
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Watermark reading 'ZŁOTY JEDEN' incorporated into the green-tinted paper, visible on the reverse near the lower edge. |
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This note was produced during the November Uprising, the Polish rebellion against Russian rule that began in late 1830. Bank Polski issued a low-denomination paper currency partly to fund the insurrectionary government and partly because the flight of coin from Warsaw had created a practical shortage of small change. The uprising collapsed in September 1831, after which Russian authorities suppressed the bank's independence and withdrew these notes from circulation.
Minheymer designed and engraved the plate himself — an unusual concentration of roles that gives the work a consistency rare in emergency wartime issues. Ludwik Łubieński, whose signature appears on the note, served as the bank's president during this period.