1 Vierling - Conrad IV. of Rietberg

Conrad IV of Rietberg held the Bishopric of Osnabrück from 1482 until his death in 1497, a tenure marked by persistent conflict with the city of Osnabrück over jurisdictional rights — tensions that had plagued the see for generations. The Vierling, a fractional pfennig denomination, was produced in quantity by smaller north German ecclesiastical mints precisely because petty coinage was chronically scarce in daily market transactions. At 0.17g, these pieces were struck on the thinnest flans the dies could reliably catch.