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1 Vereinsthaler - Louis II 'Madonnentaler'
| Issuer | Royal Mint of Bavaria (Königliche Münze München) |
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| Year | 1865-1871 |
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| Weight | 18.5 g |
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| Obverse description | Bare-headed, draped bust of King Ludwig II of Bavaria in right-facing profile, rendered in high relief with finely engraved wavy hair. The circumferential Latin legend reads LVDOVICVS II BAVARIAE REX, distributed around the upper and lower periphery within a beaded border. The engraver's signature C.VOIGT appears incuse along the lower truncation of the bust. The portrait is executed in the Neoclassical style characteristic of Voigt's medallic work. |
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| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
The "Madonnentaler" designation distinguishes this issue from Bavaria's standard Vereinsthaler coinage — the type was struck specifically to satisfy a persistent Bavarian preference for the older Madonna-type dollars that had circulated in the region since the 17th century. When the Zollverein monetary union standardized the Vereinsthaler across German states in 1857, Bavaria negotiated the right to retain this distinctive regional type alongside the common coinage.
Production ran through 1871, ending not by design but because German unification and the subsequent introduction of the Reichsmark rendered all state-issued thalers obsolete. Munich's last strikes of this type were demonetized by imperial decree in 1876.