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1 Văn - Tường Thánh imitation coinage
| Issuer | Empire of Vietnam |
|---|---|
| Year | |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Four Chinese characters arranged in cruciform fashion around a central square hole, reading clockwise from the top: 祥 (Tường), 聖 (Thánh), 通 (Thông), and 寶 (Bảo), forming the legend 祥聖通寶 (Tường Thánh Thông Bảo). The characters are rendered in standard script (kaishu) within a plain, unadorned field, bounded by a raised inner rim surrounding the square perforation and a raised outer rim at the coin's periphery. The overall style is consistent with Vietnamese cast cash coinage imitating classical Chinese numismatic conventions. |
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| Mintage | ND |
| Additional information |
Tường Thánh Thông Bảo was a Chinese Song Dynasty coin type, and Vietnamese mints produced imitations of it across several centuries — a practice that reflected both chronic copper shortages and the practical reality that cash coins circulated by weight and familiarity rather than by issuing authority. The Toda reference places this squarely within the Vietnamese imperial cash tradition, though attribution of specific imitative types to particular reigns remains contested among specialists.