1 Văn - Đại Hòa imitation coinage

Đại Hòa was the reign title of Emperor Tự Đức, who ruled from 1848 — but the reign title itself was abandoned after only a few years following a series of inauspicious events the court attributed to its use, including flooding and civil unrest. Coins bearing this title consequently had a short production window. Imitation pieces like this one were cast privately or at provincial level outside imperial supervision, a common practice in Vietnamese numismatics where metropolitan supply chronically failed to meet rural demand.