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1 Văn - Đại Hòa imitation coinage

Issuer Empire of Vietnam
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Value 1 Cash (0.01)
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Obverse description Four Chinese characters in clerical script are arranged symmetrically around a central square perforation, read in the traditional manner from top to bottom and right to left, forming the reign title and currency denomination. The characters are set in the flat, unraised field with no inner or outer rim rims clearly visible, consistent with crude imitation casting. The coin's surface shows characteristic patination and slight irregularity in the casting, typical of privately or unofficially produced cash coinage of the Đại Hòa period.
Obverse script Chinese
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Đại Hòa was the reign title of Emperor Tự Đức, who ruled from 1848 — but the reign title itself was abandoned after only a few years following a series of inauspicious events the court attributed to its use, including flooding and civil unrest. Coins bearing this title consequently had a short production window. Imitation pieces like this one were cast privately or at provincial level outside imperial supervision, a common practice in Vietnamese numismatics where metropolitan supply chronically failed to meet rural demand.